高二英语每日练：阅读理解（7）

高二英语每日练，学好英语需要从每天做起，不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海，说的就是这个意思。

高二英语每日练：阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Oxford English Dictionary(OED)editors recently noted that the threeletter word “run” has indeed become the single word with the most meanings with about 645 different usage cases for the verb form alone，making it the most complicated word in the English language.

The various definitions of “run” featured in the OED's upcoming third edition begin with the obvious “to go with quick steps”，then continue to run on for 75 columns of type.How could three little letters be responsible for so much meaning？Context is everything.

Think about it：When you run a fever，for example，those three letters have a very different meaning than when you run a bath to treat it，or when your bathwater runs over and wets your cotton bath runner，forcing you to run out to the store and buy a new one.And when you ran over a nail in the parking lot and now your car won't even run properly...God—you'd do things differently if you ran the world.

When the OED's first edition came out in 1928，the longest entry belonged to another threeletter word：“set”．Even today，the print edition of the OED contains some 200 meanings，beginning with“put，lay，or stand” and continuing on for about 32 pages.

So what happened? British author Simon Winchester believes “a feature of our more energetic times” made word like “set” seem more passive by comparison.“Run” appears to have earned some major lift during the Industrial Revolution.“Machines run, clocks run, computers run—all of those meanings began in the middle of the 19th century，” Winchester says.

So，ready to run through the whole list of definitions？Ah，to read all 645 meanings you'll have to wait for the next edition of the Oxford English Dictionary.

1．Which phrase has the first meaning of “run” in the upcoming third edition of OED?

A．To run a fever.

B．To run out to the store.

C．To run a bath.

D．To run a machine.

2．What does the writer intend to tell us in Paragraph 3?

A．Various meanings of the word “run”．

B．How to use “run” in specific cases.

C．How to learn about the word “run”．

D．Different ways to run the world.

3．What can we learn from the text?

A．“Run” is the most difficult word.

B．The meaning of “set” continues on for 75 columns of type.

C．“Run” had the most meanings in 1928.

D．“Run” has 645 meanings for the verb form in the third edition of OED.

4．What made “run” become the word with the most meanings according to Winchester?

A．Oxford English Dictionary.

B．The various definitions.

C．Usage cases of the word “set”．

D．The Industrial Revolution.

【解题导语】

本文是一篇说明文。最近《牛津英语词典》的编辑注意到由3个字母组成的单词“run”仅作为动词便具有645个不同用法，成为了英语中最复杂的单词。无独有偶，还有“set”一词，也是用法较多，在词典中有大约200个意思。词汇意义的复杂多样化是社会发展、进步的象征。

【长难句分析】

Oxford English Dictionary(OED) editors recently noted that the threeletter word“run”has indeed become the single word with the most meanings with about 645 different usage cases for the verb form alone，making it the most complicated word in the English language.(第一段)

译文：《牛津英语词典》的编辑最近提到3个字母的单词“run”实际上成了唯一一个仅就动词形式来讲就拥有645个不同用法的意义最多的单词，这使它成为英语语言中最复杂的单词。

【词汇积累】

definition n．释义，定义

context n．上下文，语境，背景

upcoming adj. 即将到来的

【答案与解析】

1．B 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的“upcoming third edition begin with the obvious ‘to go with quick steps’”可知，第三版《牛津英语词典》中“run”的第一个意思是“跑”。A项意为“发烧”；B项意为“向商店跑去”；C项意为“洗澡”；D项意为“运行机器”。B项符合题意。故选B。

2．A 推理判断题。第三段作者都是在介绍“run”搭配的不同词组及其意义。A项意为“‘run’一词的多种含义”，符合题意。故选A。

3．D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“upcoming third edition”及第一段中的“become the single word with the most meanings with about 645 different usage cases for the verb form alone”可知，在第三版《牛津英语词典》中“run”作为动词就有645个意思。A项没有提及；B、C两项表述错误。故选D。

4．D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Run’appears to have earned some major lift during the Industrial Revolution.‘Machines run，clocks run，computers run—all of those meanings began in the middle of the 19th century’”可知，“run”一词的含义在工业革命时期开始多起来。故选D。