英汉谚语文化对比鲁宵昳

1.中英文谚语中的巧合与差异（答得好,高悬赏）

好像只有死记硬背 给你点谚语的标准翻译把

一朝被蛇咬，十年怕草绳

Once bitten, twice shy.

一言既出，驷马难追

A word spoken is past recalling.

一见钟情

to fall in love at first sight

一箭双雕/一举两得

Kill two birds with one stone.

一寸光阴一寸金

Time is money.

一失足成千古恨

The error committed on impulse may turn out to be the sorrow of a whole life.

一将功名万古枯

What millions died that Caesar might be great.

一年之计在于春，一日之计在于晨

Plan your year in spring and your day at dawn.

一人难称百人意

You cannot please everyone.

一气呵成

Never make two bites of a cherry

一白遮三丑

A white complexion is powerful enough to hide seven faults.

一知半解

A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.

一心一意

John is a person who always works with unpided attention.

一丘之貉

These people are cut from the same cloth./are tarred with the same brush.

一目了然

His words just leapt to the eye. Do you need me to explain it?

一帆风顺

His business has gone off without a hitch.

一刻千金

You have to make good use of time. After all, every time counts.

一事无成

I am happy to know that all have ended in smoke about him.

一败涂地

The outcome of the election just bit the dust.

一针见血

His comment on the current affairs always hits the right nail on the head

I am grateful to several people for their generous help in my study for the master抯 degree and work on proverbs, either recently or in the past: in particular, my supervisor, Prof. Zhou Fangzhu, whose gracious encouragement and help must be acknowledged in the first place. And he has led me into the field of translation and offered me valuable advice for my thesis research, without which, the completion of the thesis would have been impossible. I cannot wait to express my heart-felt thanks to Prof. Zhou in whom I find an admirable combination of intellectual profundity and personal integrity.My indebtedness is due especially to Prof. Chen Zhengfa and Prof. Tian Debei, whose great attainments in the field of translation have granted me inspiration in writing the thesis.Likewise, I would also extend my heartfelt gratitude to Prof. Hong Zengliu and Prof. Zhu Yue whose lectures have nourished me in different fields of English study.Last but not the least, a word of thanks to the faculty of School of Foreign Studies of Anhui University as well as to my colleagues. Their kindness and help in the course of my study will forever be cherished.CONTENTS Abstract (English version) Abstract (Chinese version) Chapter 1 Introduction……………………………………………………………1 Chapter 2 A Comparative Study of Chinese and English Proverbs……………52.1 Similarities…………………………………………………………52.1.1 Similar Origin………………………………………52.1.2 Similar Features…………………………………………122.1.3 Similar Practical Values……………………………202.2 Differences………………………………………………………232.2.1 Different Numbers……………………………………232.2.2 Different Images and Meanings…………………………242.2.3 Different Cultural Tint…………………………………272.3 The Correspondence between Chinese and English Proverbs…372.3.1 Correspondence………………………………………372.3.2 Approximate Correspondence………………………382.3.3 Non-correspondence……………………………………40 Chapter 3 Translation Principles and Approaches…………………………433.1.Rationale for Translation Approaches………………………433.2 Translation Approaches……………………………………………453.2.1 Synonymous Replacement …………………………………463.2.2 Literal Translation…………………………………473.2.3 Liberal Translation……………………………………493.2.4 Compensation Approaches……………………………513.3 Some Points Worth Enough Attention in Translation………53 Chapter 4 Conclusion………………………………………………………………60 Notes…………………………………………………………………………………62 Bibliography………………………………………………………………………64 Chapter One Introduction What is a proverb? The definition by Longman Modern English Dictionary is 揳 brief familiar maxim of folk wisdom, usually compressed in form, often involving a bold image and frequently a jingle that catches the memory.?The definition given by 辞海 is： 撌煊锏囊恢郑？餍杏诿窦涞募蛄吠ㄋ锥？挥幸庖宓挠锞洹4蠖喾从橙嗣裆？詈投氛？木？椤H纭？硕嗔ζ胪粕降梗？谌耸安窕鹧娓摺？取Q栌镆彩敲窦湮难У囊恢中问健？ An English patron named Robert South defined proverb in his book Sermons like this: What a proverb, but the experience and observation of several ages, gathered and summed up in one expression.1 Wang Qin, in his book谚语.歇后语概论， defines proverb in this way， 撗栌锸侨嗣袢褐谏？疃氛？木？樽芙？ 是具有传授经验和教训劝戒功能， 流传于人民群众口头中的现成语.2 From these definitions, we may find out the common grounds shared by different definers. That is, a proverb, which succinctly sums up human experience and observation of the world, states a general truth and gives advice or warning. A proverb, often involving a bold image, musical rhythm and compressed form, can bring reality and vividness to the readers and so they are very easy to remember.There are many proverbs about proverbs themselves. Some of them are about the values of proverbs such as A proverb has contents of gold; Proverbs are the wisdom of the ages3； 名花添春色，谚语增智慧；十句谚语十句真.4 From them we may see that proverbs have something in them and they can give people valuable advice or warning. Some proverbs are about their effect on language such as Proverbs are the lamps to words; A proverb is an ornament to language； 泉水最清，谚语最精；美丽的季节是春天，美丽的语。

In proverb translation,because of the cultural difference,reflected in the translation of proverbs in English and Chinese are not the same,the same,in the ocean in proverbs,many sentences is the use of synonymous proverbs set of usage,many English proverbs literally translated into Chinese is not understand the expression of meaning,then according to the Chinese idioms to apply,even if it is completely different sentences,but its meaning is the same.Please translate into more fluent English。

怎么写开题报告呢？

首先要把在准备工作当中搜集的资料整理出来，包括课题名称、课题内容、课题的理论依据、参加人员、组织安排和分工、大概需要的时间、经费的估算等等。

第一是标题的拟定。课题在准备工作中已经确立了，所以开题报告的标题是不成问题的，把你研究的课题直接写上就行了。比如我曾指导过一组同学对伦教的文化诸如“伦教糕”、伦教木工机械、伦教文物等进行研究，拟定的标题就是“伦教文化研究”。

第二就是内容的撰写。开题报告的主要内容包括以下几个部分：

一、课题研究的背景。 所谓课题背景，主要指的是为什么要对这个课题进行研究，所以有的课题干脆把这一部分称为“问题的提出”，意思就是说为什么要提出这个问题，或者说提出这个课题。比如我曾指导的一个课题“伦教文化研究”，背景说明部分里就是说在改革开放的浪潮中，伦教作为珠江三角洲一角，在经济迅速发展的同时，她的文化发展怎么样，有哪些成就，对居民有什么影响，有哪些还要改进的。当然背景所叙述的内容还有很多，既可以是社会背景，也可以是自然背景。关键在于我们所确定的课题是什么。

二、课题研究的内容。课题研究的内容，顾名思义，就是我们的课题要研究的是什么。比如我校黄姝老师的指导的课题“佛山新八景”，课题研究的内容就是：“以佛山新八景为重点，考察佛山历史文化沉淀的昨天、今天、明天，结合佛山经济发展的趋势，拟定开发具有新佛山、新八景、新气象的文化旅游的可行性报告及开发方案。”

三、课题研究的目的和意义。

课题研究的目的，应该叙述自己在这次研究中想要达到的境地或想要得到的结果。比如我校叶少珍老师指导的“重走长征路”研究课题，在其研究目标一栏中就是这样叙述的：

1、通过再现长征历程，追忆红军战士的丰功伟绩，对长征概况、长征途中遇到了哪些艰难险阻、什么是长征精神，有更深刻的了解和感悟。

2、通过小组同学间的分工合作、交流、展示、解说，培养合作参与精神和自我展示能力。

3、通过本次活动，使同学的信息技术得到提高，进一步提高信息素养。

四、课题研究的方法。

在“课题研究的方法”这一部分，应该提出本课题组关于解决本课题问题的门路或者说程序等。一般来说，研究性学习的课题研究方法有：实地调查考察法（通过组织学生到所研究的处所实地调查，从而得出结论的方法）、问卷调查法（根据本课题的情况和自己要了解的内容设置一些问题，以问卷的形式向相关人员调查的方法）、人物采访法（直接向有关人员采访，以掌握第一手材料的方法）、文献法（通过查阅各类资料、图表等，分析、比较得出结论）等等。在课题研究中，应该根据自己课题的实际情况提出相关的课题研究方法，不一定面面俱到，只要实用就行。

五、课题研究的步骤。

课题研究的步骤，当然就是说本课题准备通过哪几步程序来达到研究的目的。所以在这一部分里应该着重思考的问题就是自己的课题大概准备分几步来完成。一般来说课题研究的基本步骤不外乎是以下几个方面：准备阶段、查阅资料阶段、实地考察阶段、问卷调查阶段、采访阶段、资料的分析整理阶段、对本课题的总结与反思阶段等。

六、课题参与人员及组织分工。

这属于对本课题研究的管理范畴，但也不可忽视。因为管理不到位，学生不能明确自己的职责，有时就会偷懒或者互相推诿，有时就会做重复劳动。因此课题参与人员的组织分工是不可少的。最好是把所有的参与研究的学生分成几个小组，每个小组通过民主选举的方式推选出小组长，由小组长负责本小组的任务分派和落实。然后根据本课题的情况，把相关的研究任务分割成几大部分，一个小组负责一个部分。最后由小组长组织人员汇总和整理。

七、课题的经费估算。

一个课题要开展，必然需要一些经费来启动，所以最后还应该大概地估算一下本课题所需要 的资金是多少，比如搜集资料需要多少钱，实地调查的外出经费，问卷调查的印刷和分发的费用，课题组所要占用的场地费，有些课题还需要购买一些相关的材料，结题报告等资料的印刷费等等。所谓“大军未动，粮草先行”，没有足够的资金作后盾，课题研究势必举步维艰，捉襟见肘，甚至于半途而废。因此，课题的经费也必须在开题之初就估算好，未雨绸缪，才能真正把本课题的研究做到最好。

从英汉谚语对比看中英文化差异 （这个ms论文题目啊）

A look at the difference between Chinese and English culture from a comparative study of English and Chinese proverbs

谚语是一个国家人民日常工（这个不完整吧，我就当你写的是日常工作了）

Proverb is the daily work of the people in a country.

好像只有死记硬背 给你点谚语的标准翻译把一朝被蛇咬，十年怕草绳Once bitten, twice shy.一言既出，驷马难追A word spoken is past recalling.一见钟情to fall in love at first sight一箭双雕/一举两得Kill two birds with one stone.一寸光阴一寸金Time is money.一失足成千古恨The error committed on impulse may turn out to be the sorrow of a whole life.一将功名万古枯What millions died that Caesar might be great.一年之计在于春，一日之计在于晨Plan your year in spring and your day at dawn.一人难称百人意You cannot please everyone.一气呵成Never make two bites of a cherry一白遮三丑A white complexion is powerful enough to hide seven faults.一知半解A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一心一意John is a person who always works with unpided attention.一丘之貉These people are cut from the same cloth./are tarred with the same brush.一目了然His words just leapt to the eye. Do you need me to explain it？一帆风顺His business has gone off without a hitch.一刻千金You have to make good use of time. After all, every time counts.一事无成I am happy to know that all have ended in smoke about him.一败涂地The outcome of the election just bit the dust.一针见血His comment on the current affairs always hits the right nail on the head。

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