2014江苏高考英语试卷及答案【文字word版】(4)

请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意: 请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。 每个空格只填一个单词。

The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, on members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.

People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct (天性) is why the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many people’s lives. It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” even if it is not necessarily true. There is a practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.

For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses.”

However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.

Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be themselves, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.

第五部分: 书面表达 (满分 25 分)

81. 请阅读下面短文,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。

When we read newspapers, we often come across such English words as “AIDS” and “PK.” When we watch TV, we frequently hear words like “NBA” or “PM2.5.” When we speak, we automatically use words like “OUT” or “Bye-bye.” English words and expressions like these are getting popular. They have already become part of our daily language. And 239 English words have been included in the latest Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese. ZXXK

The inclusion has started a heated discussion. A group of scholars signed a letter of complaint over the inclusion of these English words, which, they think, goes against Chinese language policies. They not only worry that Chinese is borrowing an increasing number of English words but are also concerned that the inclusion may hurt the dignity of the Chinese language. However, others are in favor of the inclusion because it is hard to say whether it will threaten the Chinese language. They believe the selection is mostly a result of their function and use in daily life.

[写作内容]

1. 用约 30 个单词写出上文概要;

2. 用约 120 个单词发表你的观点,内容包括:

(1)支持或反对汉语词典收录英语词汇;

(2)用 2- 3个理由或论据支撑你的观点。

[写作要求]

1. 可以支持文中任一观点,但必须提供理由或论据;

2. 阐述观点或提供论据时,不能直接引用原文语句;

3. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;

4. 不必写标题。

[评分标准]

内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。

英语试题参考答案

第一部分(共 20 小题;每小题 1 分,共 20 分)

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A

11. A 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B

第二部分(共 35 小题;每小题 1 分,共 35 分)

21. A 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B

31. C 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. C

41. D 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. D

51. C 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D

第三部分(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,共 30 分)

56. A 57. C 58. D 59. C 60. B 61. C 62. B 63. A 64. D 65. D

66. B 67. D 68. A 69. C 70. B

第四部分(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分,共 10 分)

71. feeling 72. influences 73. practical 74. unconsciously

75. individuals 76. moral 77. spirit 78. habits

79. independent 80. no

第五部分(满分 25 分)

81. 支持:

Today, more and more English words find their way into the Chinese language. Even the Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese includes 239 English words. Some people support it while others do not.

Generally, I am in favour of the inclusion. As the number of English learners is on the rise, it’s not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts. Besides, it is, on some occasions, more convenient to use English words. Most people nowadays use “IT” instead of its translation “xinxi jishu.” In our global village, we can see that it’s not uncommon for one language to borrow words from other languages. In English, there are many words borrowed from Latin, French, or even Chinese. In fact, Chinese has never stopped taking words from other languages, say, “ganbu” or “minzhu” from Japanese.

So, it’s safe to conclude that it is reasonable to include English which facilitates daily communication.

反对:

With English words getting popular in both media and daily life, a Chinese dictionary has included 239 of them, leaving the public divided into two opposing groups: “For” and “Against.”

I tend to take the “Against” side for two reasons. Firstly, this inclusion has actually polluted our mother tongue. Sooner or later, many English accents will rise and fall with the four Chinese tones. And, rules don’t tell us how to pronounce such English-turned Chinese words as “wifi” and “Out” in a Chinese way! Secondly, such an inclusion may give rise to prejudices of the educated against those with little knowledge of English. Just for one illustration, while college students take “Bye-bye” for granted when parting from each other, it may unconsciously hurt the feelings of someone who is used to “zaijian.”

In short, not only has the inclusion poisoned Chinese, it may also bring about distance between the Chinese people.ZXXK