2014年四川省高考英语试题及答案【word】(4)

D

Willi around 100 students scheduled to be in that 9 am Monday morning lecture, it is no surprise that almost 20 people actually make it to the class and only 10 of them arc still awake after the first IS minutes; it is not even a surprise that most of them are still in their pyjamas (睡衣). Obviously, students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule.

All human beings possess a body clock. Along with other alerting (警报) systems, this governs the sleep/wake cycle and is therefore one of the main processes which govern sleep behaviour. Typically, the preferred sleep/wake cycle is delayed in adolescents, which leads to many students not feeling sleepy until much later in the evenings. This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to as the "night owl" schedule of

This is opposed to the "early bird" schedule, and is a kind of disorder where the individual tends to stay up much past midnight. Such a person has great difficulty in waking up in the mornings. Research suggests that night owls feel most alert and function best in the evenings and at night. Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can be classified as "night owls" and only 10 percent can be classified as "early birds" - the other 70 percent are in the middle. Although this is clearly not true for all students, for the ones who are true night owls this gives them an excellent excuse for missing their lectures which unfortunately fall before midday.

43. What docs the author stress in Paragraph I?

A. Many students are absent from class.

B. Students are very tired on Monday mornings.

C. Students do not adjust their sleep patterns well.

D. Students are not well prepared for class on Mondays.

44. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2?

A. Most students prefer to get up late in the morning.

B. Students don't sleep well because of alerting systems.

C. One's body clock governs the sleep/wake cycle independently.

D. Adolescents' delayed sleep/wake cycle isn't the preferred pattern.

45. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "classified"?

A. Criticised. B. Grouped. C. Organised. D. Named.

46. What docs the text mainly talk about?

A. Functions of the body clock. B. The "night owl" phenomenon.

C. Human beings' sleep behaviour. D. The school schedule of "early birds".

E

Women are friendly. But men are more competitive. Why? Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin (荷尔蒙催生素). Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently.

"Women tend to be social in their behavior. They often share with others. But men lend to be competitive. They are trying to improve their social status," said Professor Ryan.

Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and

our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions (互动) such as falling in love or giving birth.

But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy.

Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship. Professor Ryan's recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37. Half of the participants（参与者）received oxytocin. The other half received placebo (安慰剂).

After a week, the two groups switched with participants. They went tlirough the same procedure with the other material.

Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions. Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions. The questions were about telling friendship from competition. And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions.

The results indicated that, after treatment with oxytocin, men's ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.

Professor Ryan thus concluded: "Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better distinguish different social interactions. And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors (因素) that are mainly hormonal."

47. What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?

A. Placebo. B. Oxytocin. C. The gesture. D. The social status.

48. What can we learn from Professor Ryan's previous experiment?

A. Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.

B. Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.

C. Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others' success.

D. Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people's behavior differences.

49. Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?

A. To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social interactions.

B. To know the differences between friendship and competition.

C. To know people's different abilities to answer questions.

D. To test people's understanding of body language.

50. The author develops the text by______.

A. explaining people's behaviors B. describing his own experiences

C. distinguishing sexual differences D. discussing research experiments

第二节 补全对话

Mary: Mike, how do I look in these blue jeans?

Mike: 51 They really suit you, Mary!

Mary: Thanks, you know, these kinds of jeans are in style now.

Mike: 52

Mary: I mean...they are very popular these days; everyone is wearing them!

Mike: You are great at keeping up with fashions.

Mary: Well, 53

Mike: Perhaps you can help me pick out a pair of jeans now, since you are an expert.

Mary: 54 I would be happy to help you with your fashion change!

A. Wow, great!

B. No problem!

C. See you then.

D. Any suggestions?

E. I am a girl after all.

F. What do you mean?

G. Thank you so much!